Thesis Abstract

A hydrostratigraphic framework of 19 aquifers and 13 aquitards has been developed across Saskatchewan and Manitoba in the Williston Basin. Detailed hydrochemical analyses have identified four water compositions: Type 1 (Ca-SO₄) waters, TDS less than 10 g/L, are found in recharge zones; Type 2 (Na-Cl) brines represent evolved waters derived from halite dissolution; Type 3 (Na-HCO₃) waters denote meteoric or subglacial recharge that originates from Ca-HCO₃ compositions; and Type 4 (Na-SO₄) brackish waters represent a mixed composition between meteoric and Na-Cl end-members. The central Williston Basin has horizontal fluid flow traveling up-dip toward the northeast. Vertical flow is evident toward the basin margin. Salt dissolution promotes upward vertical flow and where present the Prairie Evaporite Formation forms a competent barrier between aquifers. Density-dependent flows are found in southern Saskatchewan. Regional hydrogeology is imperative to discern and comprehend the chemical evolution of basinal brines and dynamics of brines during meteoric/subglacial recharge.

Publications on topics derived from this research are in progress. For more information on this thesis, contact:

Dan Palombi, M.Sc.
Petroleum Hydrogeologist, Applied Geoscience
Alberta Geological Survey
Energy Resources Conservation Board
402, Twin Atria Building
4999 – 98 Avenue
Edmonton, AB T6B 2X3

Telephone: 780-644-5501
Fax: 780-422-1459
Email: Dan.Palombi@ercb.ca